Ontario Paramedic Practice Exam

When should epinephrine be administered to a patient during anaphylaxis treatment?

1. Only if the patient has a history of allergies

2. At the start of an anaphylactic reaction

3. After diphenhydramine is given

4. When the patient exhibits no symptoms

The correct answer is: At the start of an anaphylactic reaction

The correct timing for administering epinephrine during anaphylaxis treatment is at the onset of an anaphylactic reaction. Anaphylaxis is a severe, potentially life-threatening allergic reaction that can progress rapidly. Epinephrine works by constricting blood vessels, which helps increase blood pressure, and relaxing the airways, making it easier to breathe. Administering epinephrine at the beginning of an anaphylactic episode is critical to prevent the progression of symptoms and reduce the risk of serious complications, including respiratory failure and cardiovascular collapse. Delayed administration can result in the worsening of the patient's condition, which is why early intervention is vital. Other options such as administering it only if the patient has a history of allergies or after diphenhydramine are not recommended practices. These approaches could lead to delays in necessary treatment, which could be detrimental in an emergency situation like anaphylaxis. Likewise, waiting until the patient exhibits no symptoms contradicts the immediate response required to manage anaphylaxis effectively.